Bolt standard

Ok dah lame x menulis, aku nk share standard utk bolt. 3 grade yg common ;

1.) 4.6 (commercial grade)
2.) 8.8 (structural grade)
3.) 12.9 (high tensile grade)

So, pebendanye 4.6, 8.8, 12.9 tu?? hehe

Nombor first (4,8,12) tu represent ultimate tensile strength, n nombor lepas perpuluhan tu represent yielding stress ( keadaan bile bolt tu dah xbole kembali ke panjang or bentuk asal lepas tensile stress dah xde)

Contoh ;

Grade 4.6
     Ultimate tensile strength : 400MPa
     Yielding occur at 60% of Ultimate tensile strength : 240MPa.

So pasni korang bole la kire, bape byk bolt, ape saiz, standard yg mane korang nk pakai utk bwat joint. hehe

Since standard dlm engineering ni ada byk, korang faham satu standard, n bole la carik table utk comparison. Nt aku upload reference aku utk compare. Utk first ni, aku bg bolt punye table dlu.

Carik standard mane yg korang faham dlu, then bwat la comparison.